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Flanges are essential components used to connect pipes, valves, pumps, and other equipment to form a piping system. Typically made from materials like carbon steel, stainless steel, or alloy steel, flanges provide a reliable and secure method for assembling and disassembling piping sections. The primary function of a flange is to allow easy access for inspection, maintenance, or modification of the pipeline. Flanges are bolted together with a gasket in between to ensure a leak-tight seal. Different types of flanges—such as weld neck, slip-on, blind, threaded, lap joint, and socket weld—are selected based on pressure ratings, pipe size, and the nature of the fluid. Flanges are standardized according to international codes such as ANSI/ASME, DIN, JIS, and EN. Their compatibility with various pipe fittings, including elbows, tees, reducers, and couplings, makes them a key element in fluid transport systems across oil and gas, petrochemical, power generation, water treatment, and HVAC industries. The modularity flanges provide reduces downtime and simplifies the overall design and maintenance of complex piping networks.

What Are The Common Types Of Pipe Fittings And Their Functions?

Pipe fittings are components used to change the direction, diameter, or flow characteristics of a piping system. Common types include elbows, tees, reducers, caps, couplings, and unions. Elbows (usually 45° or 90°) change the direction of flow. Tees allow the pipeline to split into two directions or combine two flows. Reducers connect pipes of different diameters, with concentric and eccentric variants available. Caps seal the end of a pipeline, while couplings and unions join two sections together. Each fitting type can be threaded, welded, or flanged to meet system requirements. Materials range from steel and stainless steel to PVC and brass, chosen according to the fluid’s temperature, pressure, and corrosiveness. In high-pressure or corrosive applications, forged fittings or corrosion-resistant alloys are preferred. Accurate selection of fittings ensures system integrity, safety, and performance. These fittings are vital in systems where expansion, maintenance, or complex routing is necessary. Together with flanges, they form the backbone of industrial piping networks, enabling flexibility and modular installation without compromising structural strength or leak prevention.

Flanges and Associated Pipe Fittings FAQ

  • 1.What is a flange used for?

    It connects pipes and components in a piping system.

  • 2.What are common flange types?

    Weld neck, slip-on, blind, threaded, lap joint, and socket weld.

  • 3.What material are flanges made of?

    Carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, and sometimes plastic.

  • 4.What does a reducer fitting do?

    It connects pipes of different diameters.

  • 5.Are pipe fittings standardized?

    Yes, based on ASME, DIN, JIS, and other standards.

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